A Backflow Preventer ensures that water can only flow in one direction.

According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), "Backflow preventers are installed to prevent contaminants from traveling from the non-potable source to the potable public drinking supply via back siphonage and back pressure."

For fire suppression systems, Backflow Preventers primarily rely on two check valves that prevent water from backing up into the supply line. These check valves are one-way valves assembled in a series, and only allow water to flow through them in one direction.

Backflow Preventers are found in most systems. They are often required in order to remain compliant with regulations and codes set forth by the plumbing department, local municipality, water purveyor or any other relevant authority.

Many state and local governments require Backflow preventers in all systems connected to a potable water source.

There is still risk of contamination in systems that are connected to non-potable water sources, due to potential cross-connections that may impact the potable water supply, so Backflow Preventers are often seen in these systems as well.

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